Abstract: As the first barrier for food against pollution, food packaging plays a crucial role in food production, which greatly impacts both the quality and safety of food. Recently, the increasing use of conventional plastic packaging has posed a significant threat to the environment. Meanwhile, cases of foodborne poisoning caused by microbial contamination emerge endlessly. On this background, biodegradable antimicrobial film prepared with natural biological materials has a broad application in future food packaging materials. This article reviews the research progress of biodegradable and antimicrobial films based on biological materials (polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids) and their application in food packaging. And introduces the application of different antimicrobial agents (Synthetic and natural antimicrobial agents) in antimicrobial films. Moreover, discusses the effect of the addition of antibacterial agents on the properties of packing and the antibacterial activities of films. At the end of it all, the shortcomings of food packaging-related fields are discussed. The development of biodegradable antimicrobial food packaging films in the future is prospected.